The overload of soil arable land will cause regional degradation and seriously restrict the sustainable development of agriculture. Fertilizer is the "grain" of grain, which plays a great role in increasing crop production. However, long-term excessive application of chemical fertilizer or misuse or misuse of chemical fertilizer will destroy soil aggregate structure, cause soil consolidation, deterioration of physical properties, and affect the quality of agricultural products.
Organic fertilizer can effectively utilize nutrient elements in soil, increase crop yield, reduce fertilizer application, improve fertilizer utilization rate, and has a very broad development prospects. The results show that organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, which plays an important role in soil fertility level, soil heavy metal availability and greenhouse gas emissions.
Bio-organic fertilizers come from a wide range of sources, mainly in several categories:
Livestock and poultry manure, farms produce a large number of livestock manure every day, if not properly handled, will pollute the environment. Livestock and poultry manure contains various active enzymes secreted by animal digestive tract, as well as enzymes produced by microorganisms. The application of organic hypertrophy greatly improved soil enzyme activity, and was conducive to improving soil absorption, buffering and stress resistance.
Agricultural waste mainly consists of straw. Straw is rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, which can provide high quality organic matter and humus nutrients for crop growth and improve the utilization of comprehensive nutrient elements of organic fertilizer.
Municipal sludge, with the development of the city, the number and scale of sewage treatment plants are growing, so a large number of sludge is produced. In order to protect the environment and utilize resources, the disposal and utilization of sludge is a problem that should be paid more attention to. Sludge is of great value as a source of plant nutrients, soil organic matter, alkaline stabilizer and lime agent.
Organic fertilizer must be treated harmlessly to become green fertilizer, which has certain requirements for fertilizer fermentation. Aerobic fermentation is the main process of organic fertilizer production. Composting is the use of microorganisms to mineralize and humify organic wastes and other substances, and eventually become a mature fertilizer. Aerobic fermentation mainly uses aerobic bacteria to degrade organic wastes and compost them to maturity. When fermenting, using the turner machine to ensure that the fermentation heap is in full contact with oxygen and the oxygen supply is uniform.
With the progress of science and technology, the production technology of organic fertilizer has been continuously improved. The development of microbial fermentation agents is the core of the research on the improvement of bio-organic fertilizer production. The microbial activity is the key to the fertilizer performance in the fermentation process. By adding microbial agents with specific functions to the fermentation process, the humification efficiency can be improved, the quality of fertilizer can be improved, the fermentation time can be shortened, and the production cost can be reduced. The application of bio-organic fertilizer meets the requirements of "environment-friendly and resource-saving". With the improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for green organic food is increasing. Therefore, the application prospect of organic fertilizer is very broad.
Fermented organic fertilizers are high quality fertilizers and are strongly advocated. Green agricultural products require more stringent fertilizers. The application of fertilizers processed by organic fertilizer equipment can achieve satisfactory results for crops. Organic fertilizer equipment plays an important role in organic fertilizer production and affects the quality of organic fertilizer products. Organic fertilizer production equipment technology is developing continuously. According to different soil environment and crop needs, organic fertilizer production is different, and production equipment is also different.
